This review article presents the useful monitoring techniques using AI-enabled drones for scholars around the world. Due to confined data, researchers are using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or Drone to get maximum information through 360° monitoring. Nowadays, computer vision techniques are commonly used in this area utilizing images and videos of construction sites. Improvement in construction sites and healthcare delivery are of serious concern. The distress detection on pavement and roads and delivering healthcare and medical services need to be monitored through state-of-the-art technology, i.e., drone technology.
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Keywords: Highway engineering, Pavement crack, Image acquisition, Image processing, Crack extractionĪrtificial Intelligence (AI) has fascinated the present study assigned to multiple areas such as distress detection on the pavement, pothole detection, and healthcare. Also, for image acquisition methods and pavement crack image segmentation, more detailed comparison and discussions are made. Therefore, in order to know the developing history and the advanced research, we have collected a number of literature in this research topic for summarizing the research artwork status, and giving a review of the pavement crack image acquisition methods and 2D crack extraction algorithms. There are many methods and algorithms that are satisfactory in pavement crack applications, but there is no standard until today.
From the early global thresholding to deep learning algorithms, the research for crack extraction has been developed for about 40 years. From the early image acquisition based on photography technology to the current 3D laser scanning technology, the pavement crack image acquisition technology is becoming more convenient and efficient, but there are still challenges in the automatic processing and recognition of cracks in images. Among all the object images, pavement crack images are the most complex, so the image processing and analysis for them is harder than other crack images. Cracks also exist in other artificial or natural objects, such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, etc. In airport and road construction, cracking is the main factor for pavement damage, which can decrease the quality of pavement and affect transportation seriously. The extraction of pavement cracks is always a hard task in image processing.
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